With the rapid development of technology, computers have  become a part of our daily life.

From  basic operations such as watching movies to advanced functions such as making cars. All of this is done on your computer.

But have you ever wondered how  a computer works? What process is going on in it? What are the basics of a computer? Computers, like any other machine, have a basic architecture. It consists of several elements. These elements process the input and produce the desired result. Let's take a look at the basic block diagram of the computer. Then you will understand how each part contributes to its function.

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Input

All  data entering the computer passes through the input device. Input blocks are made up of different devices. Devices such as mice, keyboards, scanners, etc. In other words, each of these devices acts as an intermediary between you and your computer.

Data to be processed passes through  input block. Computers accept raw data in binary format. It then processes the data and produces the desired output.

The three main functions of the input block are:

• Receive data for processing by the user.
• Converts data into a machine-readable format.
• It then transfers the converted data to the computer's main memory. Its sole purpose is to connect you and your computer. Also, it allows for easy communication between them.
  

CPU - Central Processing Unit

The central processing unit, or  CPU, is the brain of a computer. It works in the same way as the human brain. Just as the brain controls all human activities, the CPU  controls all tasks.

The central processing unit also performs all arithmetic and logical operations on the computer. The CPU now consists of two blocks: the Arithmetic Logic Block (ALU) and the Control Block (CU). These two devices work in sync. The CPU processes the data as a whole.

ALU - Arithmetic Logic Unit

Arithmetic logic units consist of two terms: arithmetic and logic. This device has two main features.

Data is inserted into main memory via input block. Perform basic arithmetic operations. Like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It performs all kinds of calculations necessary for your data. It then sends the data back  to  storage. Blocks also perform logical operations such as AND, OR, equal to, less than, etc.

In addition to this, it performs concatenation, sorting and selection of  given data.

CU - Control Unit

As the name suggests, the control unit  is the controller of all tasks/tasks and tasks. All of this is done inside your computer. The memory block sends a set of commands to the control unit. The control unit then translates these commands in turn. These commands are converted into control signals.

These control signals help prioritize and plan tasks. Thus, the control unit coordinates  tasks within the computer in synchronization with  input and output devices.

Memory Unit

All  data that needs to be processed or  processed is stored in a block of memory. The memory block acts as a hub for all  data. Transfer to the right side of your computer when needed.
memory blocks work in sync with the CPU. This helps to speed up data access and processing. This makes the job easier and faster.  There are two types of
computer memory.

Primary Memory - This type of memory cannot store large amounts of data. Therefore, it is only used to store up-to-date data. Stored data  is temporary. It can be erased after power  off. Therefore, it is also called temporary memory or  main memory.
RAM stands for Random Access Memory. This is an example of basic storage. This memory is directly accessible from the CPU. Used for reading and writing. To process data, it must first be transferred to RAM and then transferred to the  CPU.

Secondary memory - As described above,  primary memory stores temporary data. Therefore, you will not be able to access it  in the future. Secondary memory is used for persistent storage. It is also called  permanent memory or  auxiliary memory. A hard drive is an example of a secondary storage device. Even if there is a power outage, data is not easily erased.

Output

It's not surprising what the output block is used for. Any information sent to the computer after processing is received by the user via an output device. Below the output block are devices such as printers, monitors, projectors, etc.

The output block presents data  in the form of electronic or paper copies. Printer for paper copying. The monitor is for display purposes only. The output block receives data from the computer in binary format. It then converts it to a human-readable format.

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